Monday, December 22, 2008

The Rosette Assay (determining pregnancy before detectable HCG)

I am researching the princess diana pregnancy deal. I chose to believe the testimony of Al-Fayed, that dodi said Diana was pregnant. So, I am finding alternate theories which could be why Diana was found without pregnancy hormone HCG and therefore determined to "not" be pregnant. I found there are some tests that find pregnancy before HCG is even detectable, such as the Rosette Inhibition Assay, which can determine a positive pregnancy from 48 hours after fertilization. It could be, if tests were only done for HCG, this hormone was too low when Diana was tested, but she could have confirmed a pregnancy through earlier methods. It is also possible the guy lied, or the sample from the Mercedes was tampered with, or she miscarried...There are many alternatives. But I am checking them out.

I'm checking out its validity and contrasting questions against this. I started my line of thought in my last "music today" post. I am continuing here because that one was getting too long. I think what I'll do is post some articles of interest to myself HERE and then go back THERE and continue my line of thinking. Below, the first article is a patent for very early pregnancy detection:


US Patent 5646003 - Preimplantation factor
US Patent Issued on July 8, 1997
Abstract Claims Description Full Text
5646003

Abstract
A factor that indicates fertilization of an ovum before implantation, Preimplantation Factor (PIF), has been found. PIF also provides an early indication of pregnancy, malignancy, and autoimmune diseases. Assays for PIF are described. Detection of PIF in mammalian blood and other fluids is utilized in various diagnostic tests.
Other References

* Clarke, et al., "Identification of Molecules and Mechanisms Involved in the `Early Pregnancy Factor` System," Reprod. Fertil. Dev., vol. 4, pp. 423-423, 1992 (abstract only), Feb. 18, 1996
* Bose, et al., "Purified Human Early Pregnency Factor from Preimplantation Embryos Possesses Immunosuppressive Properties," Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., vol. 160, No. 4, pp. 954-996, 1989 (abstract only) Feb. 18, 1996
* Bose, et al., "Production and Characterization of Monoclonal-Antibodies to Embryo-Associated Immunosupressor Factor (EASF) Produced by Human Preimplantation Embryo," Immunology Letters, vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 47-54, Sep. 1993. Feb. 18, 1996
* Bose, "Properties of Human Preimplantation and Postimplantation Embryo-Associated Immunosuppressor Factor(s)," Immunology Letters, vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 325-333, 1991. Feb. 18, 1996
* Clarke, et al., "Identification of Molecules Involved in the `Early Pregnancy Factor` Phenomenon," J. Reprod Fertil., vol. 93, No. 2, pp. 525-539, 1991, Feb. 18, 1996
* Rolfe BE. Detection of fetal wastage. Fertil Steril. 1982;37;655-701
* Smart YC, Fraser IS, Roberts TK, Clancy RL, Cripps AW. Fertilization and early pregnancy loss in healthy women attempting conception. Clin Reprod Fertil. 1982;1:177-182
* Morton H, Hegh V, Clunie GJA. Studies of the rosette inhibition test in pregnant mice: evidence of immunosuppression? Proc R Soc Lond [Biol]. 1976;193:413-417
* Chard T. Grudzinskas JG. Early pregnancy factor. Biol Res in Preg. 1987;8:53-56
* U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment. Infertility, Medical and Social Choices. DTA BA 358. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; May 1988
* Mosher WD, Pratt WF. Fecundity, infertility and reproductive health in the United States, 1992. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 23, no. 14. National Center for Health Statistics, Public Health Service. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 27; 1987
* Templeton AA, Penny GC. The incidence of characteristics and prognosis of patents whose infertility is unexplained. Fertil Steril. 1982;37:175
* Coulam CB. Evaluation of Immunologic infertility. Am J Reprod Immunol. 1992;27:130-135
* Collier M, O'Neill C, Ammit AJ, Saunders DM. Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of human embryo-derived activating factor. Hum Reprod. 1988;3:993-998
* O'Neill C, Gidley-Baird AA, Amnit AJ, Saunders DM. Use of a bioassay for embryo-derived platelet activating factor as a means of assessing quality and pregnancy potential of human embryos. Fertil Steril. 1987;47:967-975
* O'Neill C. Gidley-Baird AL, Pike AL, Porter RN, Sinosich MJ, Saunders DM. Maternal blood platelet physiology and luteal phase endocrinology as a means of monitoring pre-and postimplantation embryo viability following in vitro fertilization. J Vitro Fertil Embryo Transfer. 1985;2:59-65
* O'Neill C, Collier M, Saunders DM. Embryo-derived platelet activating factor: its diagnosis and therapeutic future. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1988;541:398-403
* Smart YC, Roberts TK, Clancy RL, Cripps AW. Early pregnancy factor: its role in mammalian reproduction --research review. Fertil Steril. 1981;35:397-403
* Chen C, Jones WR, Bastin F, Forde C. Monitoring embryos after in vitro fertilization using early pregnancy factor. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1984;442:420-424
* Tinneberg H-R, Staves RP, Semm K. Improvement of the rosette inhibition assay for the detection of early pregnancy factor (EPF) in humans using the monoclonal antibody anti-human-Lyt-3. Am J Reprod Immunol. 1984;5:151-155
* Morton H, Rolfe B, Clunie GJA, Anderson MJ, Morrison J. An early pregnancy factor detected in human serum by the rosette inhibition test. Lancet. 1977;1:394-399
* Quin ZH, Zheng ZQ. Detection of early pregnancy factor in human serum. Am J Reprod Immunol Microbiol. 1987;13:15-19
* Hanahan DJ. Platelet activating factor: A biologically active phosphoglyceride. Annu Reve Biochem. 1986;SS:483-509
* O'Neill C. Partial characterization of the embryo-derived platelet activating factor in mice. J Reprod Fertil. 1985;75:375-380
* Battye KM, O'Neill C, Evans G. Production of platelet activating factor by the preimplantation sheep embryo. J Reprod Fertil. 1991;93:507-514
* Smart YC, Roberts TK, Fraser IS, Cripps AW, Clancy RL. Validation of the rosette inhibition test for the detection of early pregnancy in women. Fertil Steril. 1982c;37:779-785
* Smart YC, Roberts TK. Rosetta inhibition test: assay for detection of early pregnancy factor. In: Ellendorf F, Koch E (eds.) Early Pregnancy Factors. Perinatology Press, Ithaca, NY pp. 105-116; 1985
* Whyte A, Heap RB. Early pregnancy factor. Nature. 1983; 304:121-122
* Thomson AW, Milton JI, Campbell DM, Horne CHW. Rosette inhibition levels during early human gestation. J Reprod Immunol 1980;2:263-266
* Cooper DW, Aitken RJ. Failure to detect altered rosette inhibition titres in human pregnancy serum. J Reprod Fert. 1981;61:241-244
* O'Neill C. Thrombocytopenia is an initial maternal response to fertilization in the mouse. J Reprod Fertil. 1985;73:559-564
* Nahas F., Barnea E. Human embrionic origin early pregnancy factor before and after implantation. J Reprod Immunol. 1990;22:105-108
* Sanyal MK, Brami CJ, Bischof P., Simmons E., Barner ER, Dwyer JM, Naftolin F. Immunoregulatory activity in supernatants from cultures of normal human trophoblast cells of the first trimester. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989; 161:446-45

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